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DIXIE
LIMITED
Railroads, Culture, and the Southern Renaissance
By
Joseph R. Millichap
University of Kentucky Press
“An
ambitious study, which ranges across issues of traditional and modern
culture, the relationships of African Americans and white writers in the
South, and post-southernism. Millichap effectively portrays the ambivalent
and conflicted relationships of technology and literature [and] broadens our
understanding of the Southern Renaissance by including many previously
marginalized non-canonical figures, especially women and African Americans,
as now central to the phenomenon.”
—Charles Reagan Wilson, Director, Center for the Study of Southern Culture
In
the South, railroads have two meanings: they are an economic force that can
sustain a town and they are a metaphor for the process of southern
industrialization. Recognizing this duality, Joseph Millichap’s Dixie
Limited is a detailed reading of the complex and often ambivalent
relationships among technology, culture, and literature that railroads
represent in selected writers and works of the Southern Renaissance.
Tackling
such Southern Renaissance giants as Thomas Wolfe, Eudora Welty, Robert Penn
Warren, and William Faulkner, Millichap mingles traditional American and
Southern studies—in their emphases on literary appreciation and evaluation
in terms of national and regional concerns—with contemporary cultural
meaning in terms of gender, race, and class. Millichap juxtaposes Faulkner’s
semi-autobiographical families with Wolfe’s fiction, which represents
changing attitudes toward the “Southern Other.” Faulkner’s later fiction is
compared to that of Warren, Welty, and Ellison, and Warren’s later poetry
moves toward the contemporary post-Southernism of Dave Smith. These
disparate examples suggest the subject of the final chapter—the continuing
search for post-Southern patterns of persistence and change that reiterate,
reject, and perhaps reconfigure the Southern Renaissance.
It is appropriate, as we enter the
twenty-first century, that we recall how much the twentieth-century South
was shaped by railroads built in the nineteenth century. It is also
important that we recognize how much our future will be determined by the
technological and cultural tracks we lay.
Joseph
R. Millichap,
professor of English at Western Kentucky University, is the author of four
books, including Robert Penn Warren, and many essays and articles. |